全文获取类型
| 收费全文 | 87927篇 |
| 免费 | 8341篇 |
| 国内免费 | 5106篇 |
专业分类
| 耳鼻咽喉 | 905篇 |
| 儿科学 | 1088篇 |
| 妇产科学 | 1081篇 |
| 基础医学 | 11367篇 |
| 口腔科学 | 2101篇 |
| 临床医学 | 10073篇 |
| 内科学 | 13579篇 |
| 皮肤病学 | 1239篇 |
| 神经病学 | 5166篇 |
| 特种医学 | 3037篇 |
| 外国民族医学 | 43篇 |
| 外科学 | 9854篇 |
| 综合类 | 12958篇 |
| 现状与发展 | 19篇 |
| 一般理论 | 22篇 |
| 预防医学 | 6166篇 |
| 眼科学 | 2323篇 |
| 药学 | 9077篇 |
| 65篇 | |
| 中国医学 | 3842篇 |
| 肿瘤学 | 7369篇 |
出版年
| 2023年 | 928篇 |
| 2022年 | 1477篇 |
| 2021年 | 3077篇 |
| 2020年 | 2560篇 |
| 2019年 | 2287篇 |
| 2018年 | 2697篇 |
| 2017年 | 2328篇 |
| 2016年 | 2185篇 |
| 2015年 | 3416篇 |
| 2014年 | 4149篇 |
| 2013年 | 3940篇 |
| 2012年 | 5597篇 |
| 2011年 | 6066篇 |
| 2010年 | 4114篇 |
| 2009年 | 3375篇 |
| 2008年 | 4367篇 |
| 2007年 | 4475篇 |
| 2006年 | 4342篇 |
| 2005年 | 4039篇 |
| 2004年 | 3136篇 |
| 2003年 | 2912篇 |
| 2002年 | 2388篇 |
| 2001年 | 3679篇 |
| 2000年 | 3485篇 |
| 1999年 | 3120篇 |
| 1998年 | 1538篇 |
| 1997年 | 1276篇 |
| 1996年 | 917篇 |
| 1995年 | 940篇 |
| 1994年 | 794篇 |
| 1993年 | 549篇 |
| 1992年 | 1347篇 |
| 1991年 | 1210篇 |
| 1990年 | 1066篇 |
| 1989年 | 1112篇 |
| 1988年 | 986篇 |
| 1987年 | 910篇 |
| 1986年 | 811篇 |
| 1985年 | 711篇 |
| 1984年 | 438篇 |
| 1983年 | 351篇 |
| 1982年 | 200篇 |
| 1981年 | 164篇 |
| 1980年 | 124篇 |
| 1979年 | 221篇 |
| 1973年 | 93篇 |
| 1972年 | 92篇 |
| 1971年 | 94篇 |
| 1970年 | 83篇 |
| 1968年 | 83篇 |
排序方式： 共有10000条查询结果，搜索用时 17 毫秒
81.
Liu Shuling Matthew Lau Sie Kuei Seyed Ehsan Saffari Zheng Jiayun Tan Tse Yeun Jessie Phoon Wai Leng Veronique Viardot-Foucault Sadhana Nadarajah Jerry Kok Yen Chan Tan Heng Hao 《Reproductive biomedicine online》2019,38(1):39-45
Research question
Previous studies of aromatase inhibitors on male infertility have focused on men with low testosterone–oestradiol ratio of less than 10. Can aromatase inhibitors improve spermatogenesis in men with idiopathic male infertility with normal testosterone–oestradiol ratio?Design
Prospective study of men with idiopathic severe oligozoospermia (sperm concentration <5 million/ml) carried out between February 2015 and March 2017. The objective was to assess if semen-analysis parameters improved after treatment with letrozole. Secondary objectives were to monitor the safety of letrozole in men, and to measure the alterations in serum FSH, LH, oestradiol and testosterone levels.Results
Fifteen men with normal testosterone–oestradiol ratio (>10) were treated with letrozole 2.5 mg daily for 4 months. This produced a 5.5-fold increase in sperm concentration (P?=?0.0068). All men had increased total serum testosterone and suppressed oestradiol levels after treatment, thus raising the overall testosterone–oestradiol ratio (P < 0.0001). Adverse effects from letrozole were relatively minor and included loss of libido (54%), headaches (25%), fatigue (21%), weakness (13%), loss of hair (8%) and dry mouth (8%).Conclusions
Letrozole improves sperm concentration and increases testosterone–oestradiol ratio for men with oligozoospermia who have normal testosterone–oestradiol ratio; its role in the treatment of male infertility may be extended to this group of patients. In addition, it is a relatively well-tolerated drug with no serious adverse effects. 相似文献82.
83.
Junqing Lin Han Jiang Weizhu Yang Na Jiang Qubin Zheng Ning Huang Xiaolong Wang Ang Li Jingyao Huang 《Brachytherapy》2019,18(2):233-239
Purpose
The aims of this study were to evaluate treatment responses and predictive factors for overall survival (OS) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) treated with iodine-125 (125I) brachytherapy.Methods and Materials
Seventy-seven HCC patients with PVTT underwent 125I brachytherapy after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization. Clinical, laboratory, and radiological evaluation were performed before and after treatment, as well as at 4–6 weeks intervals for 7 years to assess the efficacy and toxicity of therapy. Treatment response was assessed using modified response evaluation criteria in solid tumors. OS and predictive factors for each subgroup were evaluated after treatment.Results
In total, 11 patients (14.29%) achieved complete response, and 41 patients (53.25%) achieved partial response. The response rate (complete response + partial response) was 67.53% (52/77). The median OS was 9 months. The multivariable Cox regression model indicated that post-treatment tumor size with PVTT (p = 0.016, hazard ratio [HR] = 1.889, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.127 to 3.166) and baseline hemoglobin (p = 0.013, HR=0.518, 95% CI: 0.308 to 0.872) and alkaline phosphatase (p = 0.002, HR=2.275, 95% CI: 1.338 to 3.868) levels were significant independent predictors of OS.Conclusions
125I brachytherapy results in favorable treatment responses in HCC patients with PVTT. Notably, post-treatment tumor size and baseline hemoglobin and alkaline phosphatase levels are significant independent predictive factors for OS and provide the most predictive information regarding OS. 相似文献84.
85.
Qiang Fu Le Xu Yiwei Wang Qi Jiang Zheng Liu Junyu Zhang Quan Zhou Han Zeng Shanyou Tong Tao Wang Yangyang Qi Baoying Hu Hangcheng Fu Huyang Xie Lin Zhou Yuan Chang Yu Zhu Bo Dai Jiejie Xu 《European urology》2019,75(5):752-763
Background
Glutamine addiction is a hallmark of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC); yet whether glutamine metabolism impacts local immune surveillance is unclear. This knowledge may yield novel immunotherapeutic opportunities.Objective
To seek a potential therapeutic target in glutamine-addicted ccRCC.Design, setting, and participants
Tumors from ccRCC patients from a Shanghai cohort and ccRCC tumor data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort were analyzed. In vivo and in vitro studies were conducted with fresh human ccRCC tumors and murine tumor cells.Outcome measurements and statistical analysis
Immune cell numbers and functions were analyzed by flow cytometry. Glutamine and cytokine concentrations were determined. Survival was compared between different subpopulations of patients using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses.Results and limitations
We found that in ccRCC, high interleukin (IL)-23 expression was significantly associated with poor survival in both TCGA (overall survival [OS] hazard ratio [HR] = 2.04, cancer-specific survival [CSS] HR = 2.95; all p < 0.001) and Shanghai (OS HR = 2.07, CSS HR = 3.92; all p < 0.001) cohorts. IL-23 blockade prolongs the survival of tumor-bearing mice, promotes T-cell cytotoxicity in in vitro cultures of human ccRCC tumors, and augments the therapeutic benefits of anti-PD-1 antibodies. Mechanistically, glutamine consumption by ccRCC tumor cells results in the local deprivation of extracellular glutamine, which induces IL-23 secretion by tumor-infiltrating macrophages via the activation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α). IL-23 activates regulatory T-cell proliferation and promotes IL-10 and transforming growth factor β expression, thereby suppressing tumor cell killing by cytotoxic lymphocytes. The positive correlations between glutamine metabolism, IL-23 levels, and Treg responses are confirmed in both TCGA cohort and tumors from Shanghai ccRCC patients. Study limitations include the unclear impacts of glutamine deprivation and IL-23 on other immune cells.Conclusions
Macrophage-secreted IL-23 enhanced Treg functions in glutamine-addicted tumors; thus, IL-23 is a promising target for immunotherapy in ccRCC.Patient summary
In this study, we analyzed the immune components in glutamine-addicted clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) tumors from two patient cohorts and conducted both in vitro and in vivo studies. We found that ccRCC tumor cell-intrinsic glutamine metabolism orchestrates immune evasion via interleukin (IL)-23, and IL-23–high patients had significantly poorer survival than IL-23–low patients. IL-23 should thus be considered a therapeutic target in ccRCC, either alone or in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors. 相似文献86.
87.
88.
89.